Besides, silk has been abundantly used traditionally in diverse cultures as a natural therapy or yarn-related trade.
Regarding historical data gleaned from North China, since 5000 years dating back, commercial silk farming has been put forth as one of humanity's most ancient agricultural findings. (Lepidoptera, Bombycidae), is widely exploited. Silk is a natural fiber produced by arthropods like spiders, silkworms, and scorpions among them, the silk derived from the domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Furthermore, its toxicity is in acceptable range. In addition, it has been extensively taken into consideration in drug delivery and tissue engineering study fields. Scientific literature has investigated several pharmacological effects of the silk cocoon and its ingredients, including cardioprotective, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemia, gastroprotective, as well as ameliorated skin health activities.
In recent years the biological properties of the silk cocoon, especially its major proteins, namely fibroin and sericin, have drawn special attention. Flavonoids, especially quercetin and kaempferol, alkaloids, coumarin derivatives, and phenolic acids, are among the secondary metabolites isolated from the silk cocoon. The silk is generally composed of 75–83% fibroin, 17–25% sericin, and 1–5% non-sericin components, including secondary metabolites, wax, pigments, carbohydrates, and other impurities. According to the historical data, silk farming is acknowledged as one of the most ancient agricultural findings. For this purpose, Electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and traditional literature, were searched up to December 2021. The present study aims to review the various aspects of the silk cocoon, including chemical composition, traditional uses, biological and biotechnological activities, and toxicological issues, to provide a scientific source for scholars. (Lepidoptera, Bombycidae), is one of the well-known medicinal agents with several therapeutic activities. Silk cocoon, naturally produced by silkworms scientifically named Bombyx mori L.
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